Bagaimana Untuk Mengira Nisbah Khidmat Hutang Anda?

• By CompareHero.my
• May 11, 2017

Apa Itu Nisbah Khidmat Hutang (debt service ratio)?

Jika anda penah memohon pinjaman untuk membeli kereta, rumah, ataupun pinjaman peribadi, anda mungkin pernah dengar istilah DSR yang digunakan oleh pegawai bank sewaktu menerangkan ciri pinjaman yang anda mohon. DSR (debt service ratio) atau nisbah khidmat hutang ialah  antara kriteria penting yang digunakan oleh bank sewaktu menentukan kelayakan peminjam. Nisbah ini mengira berapa jumlah pinjaman yang anda mampu pinjam sebelum anda sampai ke tahap dimana anda tidak mampu lagi untuk lakukan pembayaran balik pinjaman. Pengiraan nisbah ini mengambil kira baki tertunggak dan juga hutang lain yang anda ada. Kemudian jumlah tersebut dibandingkan dengan pendapatan anda.

Selain daripada nisbah khidmat hutang, terdapat factor lain yang digunakan oleh pihak bank seperti laporan CCRIS dan CTOS anda untuk memastikan mereka tidak meluluskan pinjaman kepada pemohon yang berisiko. Namun, dalam artikel ini, kita akan fokus ke nisbah khidmat hutang dan bagaimana ia boleh mempengaruhi kelulusan pinjaman anda.

Mengapa Nisbah Khidmat Hutang Saya Penting?

Nisbah khidmat hutang anda penting kerana ia menjadi salah satu faktor yang menentukan sama ada bank akan meluluskan permohonan pinjaman anda ataupun tidak. Menurut laporan suku pertama 2016 oleh Bank Negara, “…kira-kira 80% daripada pinjaman baru telah dikeluarkan kepada peminjam dengan nisbah khidmat hutang agregat di bawah 60%”

Ini menunjukkan bahawa pihak bank giat berusaha untuk mengurangkan pendedahan risiko kredit apabila meluluskan pinjaman kepada peminjam, serta memastikan peminjam mampu mengekalkan kapasiti hutang mereka. Atau dari segi bahasa mudah: bank melindungi kepentingan mereka dan juga anda dengan memastikan anda tidak meminjam lebih dari kemampuan anda dan jatuh muflis, sekali gus menyebabkan pihak bank kehilangan wang melalui pinjaman yang tidak baik.

Jadi sama ada anda ingin mengaku ataupun tidak, nisbah khidmat hutang anda akan mempengaruhi peluang permohonan pinjaman anda untuk diluluskan, namun ia adalah untuk kebaikan anda sendiri.

Bagaimana Untuk Mengira Nisbah Khidmat Hutang Saya?

Langkah pertama yang anda perlu ambil sewaktu mengira nisbah khidmat hutang anda ialah dengan mengumpulkan semua dokumen berkaitan dengan pendapatan peribadi dan komitmen kewangan anda. Jadi kumpulkan slip gaji bulanan, penyata KWSP, perjanjian sewa beli, surat pinjaman peribadi atau gadai, dan dokumen lain yang berkenaan kewangan anda. Anda boleh rujuk senarai dibawah sebagai panduan:

Bergantung kepada jenis pinjaman yang anda mohon, bukan semua bank akan menerima bayaran minima kad kredit anda sebagai komitmen bulanan. Tetapi, kami cadangkan anda sertakan komitmen tersebut untuk meningkatkan peluang permohonan anda diluluskan.

Setelah anda mengumpulkan semua dokumen yang diperlukan, gunakan formula dibawah untuk mengira nisbah khidmat hutang anda:

                              Komitmen bulanan

                            __________________     x 100% = nisbah khidmat hutang

                                Pendapat bulanan

Sebagai contoh:

                                    400

                                   _____     x 100% = 66.67%

                                   6000

Rosie memiliki pendapatan bulanan bersih sebanyak RM 6,000 dan sedang membayar 2 pinjaman peribadi dan pinjaman perumahan pada jumlah kos RM 4,000 sebulan.

Walaupun Rosie mempunyai penjamin untuk pinjaman perumahan, pengiraan diatas menunjukkan nisbah khidmat hutangnya ialah 66.67%, iaitu hampir capai had 70%. Secara asasnya, komitmen kewangan tidak boleh melebihi 1/3 dari pendapatan bulanan anda. Tetapi, pihak bank mempunyai piawaian berbeza mengenai kadar nisbah khidmat hutang untuk meluluskan permohonan pinjaman.

Dalam kes Rosie, dia berkemungkinan berhadapan masaalah untuk memohon pinjaman di masa hadapan. Ini kerana jika ia diluluskan, komitmen kewangan Rosie akan membuatkan kadar nisbah khidmat hutangnya meningkat lebih dari 70%.

Bagaimana Untuk Menambah baik Nisbah Khidmat Hutang Saya?

Jika banyak permohonan pinjaman anda tidak diluluskan, sudah tiba masanya anda mengambil langkah untuk perbaiki kadar nisbah khidmat hutang anda dan mulakan pelan kewangan untuk mengatasi hutang anda. Ini boleh dilakukan dengan menguruskan pembayaran hutang anda dengan baik. Salah satu cara untuk anda langsaikan hutang anda satu-persatu ialah dengan menggunakan kaedah snowball.

Selain itu, beberapa orang juga pilih untuk satukan  beberapa pembayaran hutang mereka ke satu pinjaman untuk memudahkan urusan pembayaran semula dan mengurangkan kadar faedah yang dikenakan.

Nasihat kami, anda perlu kurangkan jumlah pinjaman dan kredit dibawah nama anda. Ini supaya pendapatan anda tidak akan dihabiskan untuk membayar pelbagai hutang yang juga akan memberi kesan buruk terhadap kedudukan kredit anda.

Sama ada anda memilih untuk melangsaikan hutang anda satu persatu ataupun mengumpulkannya dalam satu pinjaman, melangsaikan hutang anda akan menguntungkan anda di masa hadapan, seperti untuk kelulusan permohonan pinjaman rumah atau kereta.

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How Crowdfunding Works

• By CompareHero.my
• May 8, 2017

Crowdfunding is a growing industry in Malaysia. More and more people choose this alternative form of financing over a traditional bank loan. You might be an investor looking for a new opportunity or an entrepreneur with an amazing business idea, crowdfunding can be useful to anyone!

Contents

• What is crowdfunding?
• What is rewards-based crowdfunding?
• What is equity crowdfunding?
• List of crowdfunding platforms
  • Malaysian crowdfunding platforms
  • Global Crowdfunding Platforms
• What is peer-to-peer lending?
• How does peer-to-peer lending work?
• Peer-to-peer lending platforms in Malaysia

What is crowdfunding?

The definition of crowdfunding is the practice of funding a project or venture by raising many small amounts of money from a large number of people, typically via the Internet.

Crowdfunding is essentially a new form of financing. By sharing your idea, or business opportunity directly and publicly with the world, you can get a large crowd of people to invest in your project. Your project could be a product or a personal passion, such as getting your book published or to set up a charity. But it could also be a business or particular business product for which you need to raise funds.

If you think that your idea or passion is good enough for people to invest in, you can just put it out there and see if it is actually true. Crowdfunding is primarily an alternative to getting a bank loan. Banks can be skeptical and require rigorous checks and balances before you are eligible for a bank loan. With crowdfunding it is different. Everyone who wants to invest can do so.

Within crowdfunding, a distinction can be made between ‘rewards-based’ and ‘equity-based’ crowdfunding. They are very different, so it is important that you understand this distinction.

What is rewards-based crowdfunding?

Rewards-based crowdfunding can be defined as a crowdfunding campaign where the money that was raised does not have to be paid back, but instead, the investors receive certain rewards.

These rewards often come in the forms of a product or a service. A common rewards-based crowdfunding campaign is the development of a video game. A developer might have an amazing idea for a video game but does not have the money to develop it. Instead, he can pitch the video game idea through a crowd-funding platform and if people like it, he can raise enough money to build it. This form of crowdfunding is more similar to consumption than investing. You are paying for a product or service, not a part of the business.

Rewards-based crowdfunding does carry some risk: the product might not raise enough funds to ever get built. If the campaign does not reach critical mass, the developer might have to produce a lower quality product or stop the campaign altogether.

What is equity crowdfunding?

The definition of equity crowdfunding is a fundraising campaign whereby people invest in an, as of yet, unlisted company in exchange for shares in that company. These shares make the investor a partial owner of the company and the investor stands to profit if the company does as well.

This option is significantly different from rewards-based crowdfunding because in this case you actually become a part owner of the company. You will not receive a product or service from the company, but should the company start making a profit you might be getting dividends. And, most important of all, if the company goes public you stand to make a large sum of money through the sale of your partial ownership. Of course, not every company becomes a success and this requires you to do serious due diligence before investing in the company.

List of crowdfunding platforms

Although it still a relatively new concept in Malaysia, there are already a few crowdfunding platforms in Malaysia right now. Head over to one of these sites and you could stumble on something you are really passionate about.

Malaysian crowdfunding platforms

• Mystartr – focuses mainly on creative products, 100% rewards based.
• CrowdPlus.asia – ASEAN’s first investment platform, CrowdPlus is based out of Malaysia and offers a variety of rewards and equity-based campaigns.
• pitchIN – could be described as Malaysia’s national crowdfunding platform. It was established in 2017 and is 100% equity-based.

Global Crowdfunding Platforms

• Kickstarter – One of the largest and oldest crowdfunding platforms worldwide, Kickstarter currently has helped more than 10 million investors find the right campaigns.
• Indiegogo – Relatively new, Indiegogo has 15 million monthly visitors and is currently active in 223 countries.
• GoFundMe – Launched in 2010, GoFundMe is the world’s largest social fundraising platform, with over $3 billion raised so far, with a community of more than 25 million donors.
• YouCaring – YouCaring is a free crowdfunding platform that empowers people to help others overcome hardships and enjoy happier, healthier lives. The platform has currently raised over 500 million.
• GiveForward – Has helped people raise over 800 million worldwide for personal, medical and charitable causes.
• Fundrazr – This is a website builder, which allows you to set up your own crowdfunding website.

Apart from crowdfunding, there is also another emerging finance trend that can be observed in Malaysia. Peer-to-peer lending is seeing explosive growth as a new form of debt issuance. Read on, if you are intrigued.

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What is peer-to-peer lending?

The definition of Peer-to-peer lending, sometimes abbreviated P2P lending, is the practice of lending money to individuals or businesses through online services that match lenders with borrowers.

It is different from crowdfunding in that it is not concerned with rewards or equity based financial gains. P2P is more concerned with debt. A large loan is raised by collecting smaller amounts from everyone who wants to lend to you. If you are a lender, you will receive your loan back, including interest.

How does peer-to-peer lending work?

In order to start peer-to-peer lending either as a borrower or a lender, you have to register to a P2P platform. If you are a lender, you can assess different borrowers through the platform and choose for yourself if you want to lend them money. Borrowers can set up their proposed loan requirements and try to persuade lenders to finance them.

This can be very risky because as a lender, you face the risk that a borrower might default in his or her debt, which means you won’t get your money back.

Peer-to-peer lending platforms in Malaysia

P2P lending is a very recent development. The Malaysian Securities Commission has recently allowed six companies to start hosting P2P lending platforms in Malaysia. Most of them aren’t online yet but you can expect them to be accessible in the coming months.

One of the P2P platforms that is already online is Crowdo. Originally from Singapore, this platform is now also available in Malaysia and Indonesia and currently has over 20,000 members.

If P2P lending is a bit too new for you, you can also just get a personal loan or credit card. Use our free comparison tool to find a debt instrument that suits your needs.

 

Disclaimer: Neither CompareHero.my nor the content on it is intended as securities brokerage, investment, tax, accounting or legal advice, as an offer or solicitation of an offer to sell or buy, or as an endorsement, recommendation or sponsorship of any company, security or fund. The content on CompareHero.my is for general information purposes only and is not intended to be personalised investment advice or a solicitation for the purchase or sale of securities.

Compargo Malaysia Sdn. Bhd. and/or its affiliates cannot and do not assess, verify or guarantee the adequacy, accuracy or completeness of any information, the suitability or profitability of any particular investment, or the potential value of any investment or informational source. CompareHero.my may receive compensation from the brands or services mentioned on this website.

How Does Car Insurance Work in Malaysia?

• By CompareHero.my
• May 4, 2017

7 Businesses That Failed in Malaysia

• By CompareHero.my
• May 3, 2017

Ever wondered what happened to some businesses in the country which seemed to have just vanished into thin air? We give you the lowdown in this article, and the possible reasons why they had to gulung tikar (close business).   (more…)

The Cost of Living Battle: Kuala Lumpur Vs. Johor

• By CompareHero.my
• April 27, 2017

Following the comparison article of The Cost Of Living Battle: Kuala Lumpur Vs. Penang, CompareHero.my decided to take up another comparison between our capital city and Johor, the nearest state to the developed and neighboring economy, Singapore.

Johor Bahru was listed as one of the top ten most affordable cities for people to work in Asia, by Nomad List, though it has recently been ranked much lower at 55^th position. Though we are not sure why the significant fall, but one thing is for sure: inflation is beating Malaysians at its best this year.

Johor has been coming up on the list of many expats and locals over the recent years given its close proximity to Singapore and China’s venture into the state for property investment (Iskandar).

As a consequence of development, the cost of living has been on the rise over recent years and to help you decide between living in Johor and Kuala Lumpur, CompareHero.my will go into an in-depth analysis of components to compare the cost of living between both cities (based on findings by Numbeo).

The Cost of Living in Kuala Lumpur Vs. Johor Bahru

Eating Out

Source: Numbeo.

Note: The findings are based on the average numbers from surveyors for the past 18 months.

If you look at the table above, eating out is generally cheaper in Johor Bahru than Kuala Lumpur. However, many claims that you will find it harder to get a variety of tasty food options in Johor Bahru as compared to Kuala Lumpur and Penang.

If you are really keen on saving money to achieve your financial goals, reducing spend on eating out is probably the least favorite choice. Nonetheless, it doesn’t hurt to know that you are spending about 20% to 30% lesser for a meal in Johor similar to one in the capital city and some can save even more with the right credit card. If it helps, many Singaporeans would visit Johor to enjoy glorious meals at a much affordable price too!

Winner: Johor

Wet Markets

Surprisingly, buying food materials in wet markets in Johor is cheaper than both Kuala Lumpur and Penang according to the table. However, you should know that higher fuel prices sent the rate of inflation for March soaring to its highest level in nearly nine years, with the consumer price index (CPI) rising 5.1%, as reported by The Star.

Winner: Johor

Lifestyle

Overall, it costs more for one to send their children to school, shop for clothing and enjoy entertainment in Johor, at about 15% to 20% higher than in Kuala Lumpur. According to Wong Xi Nan, a fresh graduate who stays in Johor pointed out that some of the entertainment and shopping costs, especially standalone shops, increased their product prices to leverage on the rising number of Singaporean shoppers during the weekend.

To be fair, it now costs three times less for Singaporeans to buy a dress in Johor than in their country given the weaker ringgit over the years. This is one of the factors that are pushing small business and hipster entrepreneurs to bloom in the state given the opportunity rising from the Singaporean market.

Other than the usual shopping, many Singaporeans also come over to Johor for car servicing, dental services, and movies too! A movie ticket costs about S$9 (RM27) in Singapore while it only costs RM17 in Johor.

Winner: Kuala Lumpur

Property prices and Career prospects

Following the downturn of the property cycle, property prices in Johor are consolidating and this is a good sign for anyone considering to settle down in the state.

Whether you are looking to rent or to buy a house, you can do either with cheaper costs in Johor compared to Kuala Lumpur. However, if you are looking to invest in property particularly within the Iskandar area, you should probably do more research and wait a little longer for more convincing reasons to do so.

Johor registered an increasing market overhang share at 24.8%, which [was] mainly made up of two to three-story terraced houses priced at RM500,000 and above, as cited in the Property Market Report 2016 by our finance ministry.

This is only one of the indicators of an oversupply of properties in the Iskandar area and many experts including Siva Shanker, former president of the Malaysian Institute of Estate Agents has voiced out similar concerns in the past.

Tip: Buy or rent based on what you need. Invest in alternative products in the meantime.

Winner: Johor

Career-wise, while it is apparent that you have better job prospects and higher salary levels, on average, in Kuala Lumpur, many argue that Singapore – which is right next to Johor – provides a much brighter financial security.

First, the weaker ringgit has pushed more Malaysians, especially those who live in Johor to work in Singapore. With the stronger Singapore dollar, you have a higher disposable income in Malaysia if you are willing to go through the hectic traffic and immigration process every single day.

Next, Singapore also offers the finest multinational corporations and billion-dollar-companies in-the-making to beef your resume up, if you’re lucky enough to be hired by one of them.

Overall Winner: Johor

In terms of cost of living, it is relatively cheaper to live in Johor than in Kuala Lumpur. To be more precise, you can eat and buy food at lower prices, get a place to stay at 55% cheaper in Johor. However, shopping and entertainment speak otherwise, where it costs about 20% more in Johor than in Kuala Lumpur.
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